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Nursing Science Quarterly
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A Nursing Theory of Personal System Empathy: Interpreting a Conceptualization of Empathy in King’s Interacting Systems

Martha R. Alligood, RN; PhD

The University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, Knoxville, Tennessee

Barbara A. May, RN; PhD

School of Nursing, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee

This article presents a theory of empathy discovered through rational hermeneutic interpretation within King’s personal system. Personal system concepts from King’s general systems framework include perception, self, growth and development, body image, space, time, and learning. Propositions for each concept in the personal system were explicated and a theory of nursing empathy was developed. This nursing theory proposes that empathy organizes perceptions; facilitates awareness of self and others; increases sensitivity; promotes shared respect, mutual goals, and social awareness; cultivates understanding of individuals within a historical and social context; and affects learning.

Key Words: empathy • King’s general systems framework • theory development

Nursing Science Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, 243-247 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/08943180022107645
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